Counselling and career development

Job searching

Before you start

Download the Job Searching conversation sheet with questions to help you think about your job searching preparation and approach.

Job-search checklist

  1. I have developed a career plan for myself.
  2. I know what I can offer to an employer.
  3. I have organised and planned a job search.
  4. I have identified people that can help me to find a job
  5. I have researched potential job opportunities.

If you did not tick one or more of these statements, it means that there are some steps that you can take to improve your chances of finding work. Before we explain these steps further, let us explore why it is so difficult to find work.

Why is it so difficult to find work?

Your job search does not happen in isolation. Your ability to find work could be influenced by the following factors:

Experience

Employers assume that more experienced workers are less likely to make mistakes and that they understand the workplace and its challenges better. Many job-seekers face the difficulty of being asked to have job experience, but how can they develop work experience if they can not find a job? How can you gain work experience when you have just completed grade 12, or your certificate, diploma or degree? You can consider options such as temporary work, volunteering, learnerships and starting your own business. Remember that the above experiences will only have value for your future career development if you treat them as professional opportunities. The following are suggestions for approaching any work experience so that it can add meaningfully to your career development:

Education

  • Knowledge. Expand your knowledge by reading about, or enrolling in, a course relevant to your career.
  • Attitude. Employers appreciate employees who have a positive approach to their work. Always try to do more than what is expected from you.
  • Show interest and apply continuous improvement. Read about the industry you are working in and see where you can make a difference and improve your performance.
  • Behaviour. Always dress and behave appropriately.
  • Timekeeping and absence. Be punctual. Manage your time at work so that you complete tasks on time. Remember that sick leave is in emergencies only - it is not something to be planned.

Educational qualifications

Many jobs require some form of qualification. Begin with your career plan to identify which qualifications you will need to complete to improve your chances of obtaining employment in your desired field.

Skills

Do a "skills check" regularly to determine which skills you have developed and which ones you still need to develop.

Labour market conditions

The number and types of jobs available in the job market will affect your ability to find employment. The modern economy is knowledge-based, meaning that there is an emphasis on delivering services and working with information. This requires a higher level of skills and knowledge to get jobs.

Job-hunting essentials

Here are some essential steps to a well-planned job search:

  • Have focus - your career plan should act as a compass for job searches.
  • Preparation - know yourself, and research the labour market, jobs and companies,
  • Be confident - this flows from knowing yourself and what you want
  • Use many different ways of researching job opportunities - don't limit yourself just to advertisements in newspapers or the Internet
  • Have a carefully written CV - remember to customise your CV for each job application
  • Develop good interview skills - prepare and practice *Remember to network - establish connections with as many people as possible
  • Develop a job search plan - plan your job search step by step and evaluate your methods frequently my employability skills

Organise and plan your job search

Organise and plan your job search so that you do not waste time, energy and money. Here are some suggestions:

Create a job-search folder

This can be a sub-section of your career portfolio, or it can be a separate file where you keep track of job leads, job ads and contacts. Also, store copies of your certificates and ID document in case you need them. Keep track of all the jobs that you have applied for, as well as feedback that you received. Also use this folder to store all the research you have completed in terms of occupations, jobs, industries, and possible employers.

Plan your days

Develop your system to keep track of what you need to do and when. Keep notes of what you have done and what you need to follow up on. Who can help you with your job search? You have to be proactive - remember that you will have to go out and find a job, and a job will not find you. It is important to identify enough sources of information to assist you in your search for work. Here are some examples of possible sources and what type of information you can get from them:

  • Family and friends. Ask family and friends who are working whether they know of any job openings where they work and who you could contact.
  • Community notice boards. These notice boards are in public places such as shops. Take down the details and follow up on the information.
  • Phonebook/ Yellow pages. Check for contact details of factories and companies in your area. Call them or visit them to find out about opportunities.
  • Labour centres and Employment Services South Africa (ESSA). Contact the national Department of Labour to find out if there is a labour centre in your area. Register on the ESSA database.
  • Newspapers. Most newspapers advertise jobs. Cut out the advertisements and keep them in your job search folder. Also, identify recruitment agencies that advertise in specific industries and contact them.
  • Radio. Local radio stations sometimes announce where a new factory will open or where and when a big government project will be launched. Find out more about these opportunities.
  • Internet. There is a wealth of information available on the internet about job opportunities. Many sites also allow you to store your CV online and enable you to apply for jobs online. Learn how to use professional networking platforms such as LinkedIn effectively and connect with your network online.
  • Other: Who or what else can you identify to help you with your job search?

Research about possible job opportunities

Find out as much as possible about the jobs that you are interested in and the company that is advertising the job. You should organise the information to match the jobs to your skills, education and experience. You can analyse jobs in terms of the following:

  • What skills are required?
  • What qualifications are required?
  • What characteristics are required?
  • What experience is needed?
  • What kind of a position is it? (part-time, full-time)

Also, find out at least the following about the company:

  • What goods or services does this company provide?
  • Where is this company located?

Further resources

  • Follow the Unisa Counselling and Career Development channel on YouTube.
  • Learn more about researching job opportunities.

Werksoektog

Voordat jy begin

Laai die Werksoekgesprekblad af met vrae om jou te help dink oor jou werksoekvoorbereiding en -benadering

Werksoekkontrolelys

  1. Ek het ʼn loopbaanplan vir myself ontwikkel.
  2. Ek weet wat ek aan ʼn werkgewer kan bied.
  3. Ek het ʼn werksoektog georganiseer en beplan.
  4. Ek het mense geïdentifiseer wat my kan help om ʼn werk te vind.
  5. Ek het potensiële werksgeleenthede nagevors.

As jy nie een of meer van hierdie stellings afgemerk het nie, is daar ʼn paar stappe wat jy kan neem om jou kanse te verbeter om werk te vind. Voordat ons hierdie stappe verduidelik, kyk ons waarom dit so moeilik is om werk te vind.

Waarom is dit so moeilik om werk te vind?

Jou werksoektog vind nie in isolasie plaas nie. Die volgende faktore kan jou vermoë om werk te vind, beïnvloed:

Ervaring

Werkgewers neem aan dat meer ervare werkers minder geneig is om foute te maak en dat hulle die werksplek en sy uitdagings beter verstaan. Werknemers vra vir werkservaring, maar hoe kan werksoekers werkservaring opdoen as hulle nie ʼn werk kan kry nie? Hoe kan jy werkservaring opdoen as jy pas Graad 12, ʼn sertifikaat, diploma of graad voltooi het? Oorweeg opsies soos tydelike werk, vrywilligerswerk, leerlingskappe en om jou eie onderneming te begin. Onthou dat hierdie ervarings slegs waarde vir jou toekomstige loopbaanontwikkeling sal hê as jy dit as professionele geleenthede beskou. Die volgende is voorstelle om enige werkservaring te benader sodat dit betekenisvol tot jou loopbaanontwikkeling kan bydra:

Opleiding

  • Kennis. Brei jou kennis uit deur te lees oor, of in te skryf vir, ʼn kursus wat relevant is vir jou loopbaan.
  • Houding. Werkgewers waardeer werknemers wat ʼn positiewe benadering tot hulle werk het. Probeer altyd om meer te doen as wat van jou verwag word.
  • Toon belangstelling en verbeter voortdurend. Lees oor die bedryf waarin jy werk en kyk waar jy ʼn verskil kan maak en jou prestasie kan verbeter.
  • Gedrag. Trek altyd gepas aan en gedra jou betaamlik.
  • Tydsberekening en afwesigheid. Wees stiptelik. Bestuur jou tyd by die werk sodat jy take betyds voltooi. Onthou dat siekteverlof slegs vir noodgevalle is – dit is nie iets wat jy beplan nie.

Opvoedkundige kwalifikasies

Werksgeleenthede vereis kwalifikasies. Begin jou loopbaanplan deur te identifiseer watter kwalifikasies jy moet voltooi om jou kanse te verbeter om werk in jou verlangde veld te vind.

Vaardighede

Doen gereelde vaardigheidstoetse om te bepaal watter vaardighede jy ontwikkel het en watter jy nog moet ontwikkel.

Arbeidsmarktoestande

Die aantal en tipes werksgeleenthede wat in die arbeidsmark beskikbaar is, sal jou vermoë om werk te vind, beïnvloed. Die moderne ekonomie is kennisgebaseerd en beklemtoon die lewering van dienste en die gebruik van inligting. Dit vereis ʼn hoër vlak van vaardighede en kennis om werk te kry.

Werksoekvereistes

Die volgende is noodsaaklike stappe vir ʼn goed beplande werksoektog:

  • Wees gefokus. Jou loopbaanplan moet as ʼn kompas vir werksoektogte dien.
  • Voorbereiding. Ken jouself en doen navorsing oor die arbeidsmark, werksgeleenthede en maatskappye.
  • Wees selfversekerd. Dit vloei voort uit kennis van jouself en wat jy wil hê.
  • Gebruik verskillende maniere om navorsing oor werksgeleenthede te doen. Moenie jouself beperk tot koerant- of internetadvertensies nie.
  • Maak seker dat jou CV noukeurig geskryf is en pas jou CV vir elke werksaansoek aan.
  • Ontwikkel goeie onderhoudvaardighede. Berei voor en oefen vir onderhoude.
  • Bou ʼn netwerk op. Vestig verbindings met soveel mense as moontlik.
  • Ontwikkel ʼn werksoekplan. Beplan jou werksoektog stap vir stap en evalueer jou metodes gereeld.

Organiseer en beplan jou werksoektog

Organiseer en beplan jou werksoektog sodat jy nie tyd, energie of geld mors nie. Hier is ʼn paar voorstelle:

Skep ʼn werksoeklêer

Dit kan ʼn onderafdeling van jou loopbaanportefeulje wees of ʼn aparte lêer waar jy werksgeleenthede, -advertensies en -kontakte dophou. Stoor kopieë van jou sertifikate en ID ingeval jy dit benodig. Hou al die poste dop waarvoor jy aansoek gedoen het, sowel as enige terugvoer wat jy ontvang het. Gebruik hierdie lêer om al die navorsing wat jy voltooi het vir beroepe, poste, nywerhede en moontlike werkgewers te stoor.

Beplan jou dae

Ontwikkel ʼn stelsel om dop te hou wat en wanneer jy iets moet doen. Hou notas van wat jy gedoen het en wat jy moet opvolg. Wie kan jou met jou werksoektog help? Wees proaktief en onthou dat jy sal moet uitgaan en ʼn werk soek – ʼn werk sal jou nie vind nie. Dit is belangrik om betroubare inligtingsbronne te identifiseer om jou werksoektog te ondersteun. Hier is voorbeelde van moontlike bronne en die tipe inligting wat jy daar kan kry:

  • Familie en vriende. Vra familie en vriende wat werk of hulle bewus is van enige werksgeleenthede by hulle werksplekke, en wie jy daar kan kontak.
  • Gemeenskapskennisgewingborde. Hierdie kennisgewingborde is in openbare plekke soos winkels. Skryf die besonderhede neer en volg die inligting op.
  • Maatskappywebtuistes. Gaan die kontakbesonderhede van maatskappye in jou area na. Besoek hulle webtuistes, bel of e-pos hulle om meer oor geleenthede uit te vind.
  • Arbeidsentrums en Employment Services South Africa (ESSA). Kontak die nasionale Departement van Arbeid om uit te vind of daar ʼn arbeidsentrum in jou area is. Registreer op die ESSA-databasis.
  • Radio. Plaaslike radiostasies kondig soms aan waar ʼn nuwe fabriek sal oopmaak of waar en wanneer ʼn groot regeringsprojek van stapel gestuur sal word. Vind meer uit oor hierdie geleenthede.
  • Aanlyn werksoekplatforms. Baie webtuistes laat jou toe om jou CV aanlyn te stoor en stel jou in staat om aanlyn vir werk aansoek te doen (bv. PNet, CareerJunction, Indeed, en eJoobi). Leer hoe om professionele netwerkplatforms soos LinkedIn effektief te gebruik en aanlyn met jou netwerk te skakel.
  • Ander: Wie of wat anders kan jy identifiseer om jou met jou werksoektog te help?

Navorsing oor moontlike werksgeleenthede

Vind soveel as moontlik uit oor die poste waarin jy belangstel en die organisasie wat die werk adverteer. Organiseer die inligting volgens die poste wat by jou vaardighede, opleiding en ervaring pas. Ontleed poste ten opsigte van die volgende:

  • Watter vaardighede word vereis?
  • Watter kwalifikasies word vereis?
  • Watter eienskappe word vereis?
  • Watter ervaring word benodig?
  • Watter soort posisie is dit (bv. deeltyds, voltyds)?

Vind ten minste die volgende uit oor die maatskappy:

  • Watter goedere of dienste lewer hierdie maatskappy?
  • Waar is hierdie maatskappy geleë?

Addisionele hulpbronne

  • Volg die YouTube-kanaal oor Voorligting en Loopbaanontwikkeling: YouTube.
  • Leer meer oor navorsing van werksgeleenthede.

Ho batla mosebetsi

Pele o qala

Daonlouda leqephe la Job Searching conversation sheet le nang le dipotso tse o thusang ho nahana ka ho itokisa hwa hao le mokgwa oo o o sebedisang ho batla

Lenanetekolo la ho batla mosebetsi

  1. Ke iketseditse moralo wa mosebetsi oo ke o ratang.
  2. Ke a tseba hore mohiri nka mo sebeletsa jwang.
  3. Ke hlophisitse le ho etsa moralo wa ho batla mosebetsi.
  4. Ke hlwaile batho ba ka nthusang ho batla mosebetsi.
  5. Ke batlisisitse ka menyetla e ka kgonang ho hlahisa mosebetsi.

Haeba ha o a tshwaya seteitemente se le seng kapa tse fetang moo, ho na le dikgato tseo o ka di nkang ho ntlafatsa menyetla ya hao ya ho batla mosebetsi. Pele re hlalosa dikgato tsena, ha re hlalose ka botlalo hore hobaneng ho le boima ho batla mosebetsi.

Hobaneng ho le boima hakaale ho batla mosebetsi?

Ho batla mosebetsi hwa hao ha se ketsahalo e etsahalang e le nngwe. Dintho tse latelang di ka ba le tshusumetso bokgoning ba hao ba ho fumana mosebetsi:

Pokeletso ya lesedi, kutlwisiso le bokgoni bo fihletsweng ka mora nako

Bahiri ba nahana hore basebetsi ba nang le bokgoni le tsebo e hodimo ha se hangata ba etsang diphoso le hore ba utlwisisa sebaka sa mosebetsi le diphephetso tseo ba kopanang le tsona betere haholo. Batho ba batlang mosebetsi ba tobane le bothata ba ho botswa hore na ba na le tsebo, kutlwisiso le bokgoni bo fihletsweng ka mora nako e itseng, empa ba ka ba le bokgoni le tsebo e hodimo jwang ba sa kgone ho fumana mosebetsi? O ka fihlela jwang kutlwisiso le bokgoni ba mosebetsi ha o sa tswa phethela kereiti ya 12, setefekeiti, diploma kapa dikri?

Nahana ka dikgetho tse jwalo ka mosebetsi wa nakwana, ho ithaopa, mananeo a hlophisitsweng a ho ithuta o ntse o fumana thupello ya mosebetsi le ho qala kgwebo ya hao. Hopola hore tsebo, kutlwisiso le bokgoni bona bo fihletsweng ka mora nako bo tla ba le molemo ntshetsopeleng ya hao mosebetsing nakong e tlang haeba o bo nka e le menyetla ya porofeshenale. Tse latelang ke ditshisinyo tsa tsela ya ho sebedisa tsebo, kutlwisiso le bokgoni bo fihletsweng mosebetsing hore e kgone ho ba bohlokwa ntshetsopeleng ya mosebetsi wa hao:

Thuto

  • Tsebo. Hodisa tsebo ya hao ka ho bala kapa ho ngodisa thutong e tsamaellanang le mosebetsi wa hao.
  • Maikutlo. Bahiri ba thabela bahiruwa ba lebellang diphetho tse ntle le ho tsepamisa mohopolo wa bona dinthong tse ntle tse amang mosebetsi wa bona. Leka kamehla ho etsa ho feta se lebelletsweng.
  • Bontsha kgahleho le ho tswella ho hola/ntlafatsa mosebetsi wa hao. Bala ka indaseteri eo o sebetsang ho yona mme o bone hore o ka etsa phapang hokae le ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ya hao.
  • Boitshwaro. Kamehla apara le ho ba le boitshwaro bo amohelehang.
  • Ho boloka nako le ho se be mosebetsing. Tshwara nako. Laola nako ya hao mosebetsing hore o kgone ho phethela mesebetsi ka nako. Hopola hore lifi ya ha o kula ke ya mabaka a tshohanyetso feela - ha se ntho eo o e rerang.

Mangolo a thuto

Mesebetsi e hloka mangolo a itseng a thuto. Qala ka ho etsa moralo wa mosebetsi oo o batlang ho ithutela oona ho bona hore o tla hloka mangolo afe a thuto hore o phethele dithuto tsa hao hore o ntlafatse menyetla ya hao ya ho fumana mosebetsi wa lekala leo o le batlang.

Bokgoni

Dula o hlahloba kamehla ho bona hore o hodisitse bokgoni bofe le hore o sa hloka ho hodisa bofe.

Maemo a mmaraka wa basebetsi

Palo le mefuta ya mesebetsi e fumanehang mmarakeng wa mesebetsi e tla ama bokgoni ba hao ba ho fumana mosebetsi. Moruo wa mehleng ya sejwalejwale o itshetlehile ka tsebo e hatellang phano ya ditshebeletso le tshebediso ya lesedi. Hona ho hloka bokgoni le tsebo ya boemo bo hodingwana ho fumana mesebetsi.

Dintho tse bohlokwa ha o batla mosebetsi

Mona ke dikgato tsa bohlokwa tsa moralo o hlophisitsweng hantle wa ho batla mosebetsi:

  • Tsepamisa maikutlo le monahano Moralo wa hao wa mosebetsi o lokela ho sebetsa jwalo ka khampase ya ho batla mosebetsi.
  • Ho itokisa. Itsebe mme o etse patlisiso ka mmaraka wa mosebetsi, mesebetsi le dikhamphani.
  • Eba le boitshepo. Hona ho tloha ho itsebeng le hore o batla eng.
  • Sebedisa ditsela tse fapaneng tsa ho batla menyetla ya mosebetsi. O se ipehele moedi wa ho sheba dikoranta kapa dipapatso tsa inthaneteng feela.
  • Eba le CV e ngotsweng ka hloko mme o hopole ho fetola CV hao hore e tsamaellane le kopo e nngwe le e nngwe ya mosebetsi.
  • Ithute bokgoni ba ho araba dipotso tsa inthaviu hantle. Itokise le ho itlwaetsa boemo ba diinthaviu.
  • Buisana le ho fana lesedi le batho ba bang le ho ba le dikamano tsa profeshenale. Eba le dikamano le batho ba bangata kamoo ho ka kgonehang.
  • Etsa moralo wa ho batla mosebetsi. Rala patlisiso ya hao ya mosebetsi kgato ka kgato mme o hlahlobe mekgwa ya hao kgafetsa.

Hlophisa le ho etsa moralo wa hao wa ho batla mosebetsi

Hlophisa le ho etsa moralo wa hao wa ho batla mosebetsi hore o se senye nako, eneji kapa tjhelete. Tsena ke tse ding tsa ditshisinyo tseo ho fanwang ka tsona:

Bula folda ya ho batla mosebetsi

Ena e ka ba karolwana ya potefolio ya mosebetsi wa hao kapa faele e ka thoko moo o bolokang rekoto ya lesedi, keletso, tsebiso, melaetsa e romelwang setjhabeng, dikgeo tse sa bapatswang kapa tse patilweng, dipapatso le batho le dinomoro/diaterese tsa ho ikopanya le bona. Boloka dikhopi tsa ditefekeiti tsa hao le ID hore o di fumane habobebe le ho di sebedisa haeba o di hloka. Dula o tseba ka mesebetsi kaofela eo o rometseng dikopo ho yona, mmoho le karabo efe kapa efe eo o e fumaneng. Sebedisa folda ena ho boloka patlisiso kaofela eo o e phethetseng ya mesebetsi, diindaseteri le bahiri bao ho nang le kgonahalo ya hore o ka ba sebeletsa.

Etsa moralo wa matsatsi a hao

Etsa mokgwa oo o ka o sebedisang hore o dule o tseba hore o hloka ho etsa eng le hore neng. Boloka dinoutsu tsa seo o se entseng le seo o hlokang ho se latellisa. Ke mang ya ka o thusang ho batla mosebetsi? Iqalle ho etsa dintho pele boemo bo hloka hore o di etse mme o hopole hore o tla lokela ho tswa le ho fumana mosebetsi - mosebetsi o ke ke wa fumana wena. Ho bohlokwa ho hlwaya mehlodi ya lesedi le tshepahalang ho tshehetsa patlisiso ya hao ya mosebetsi. Mona ke mehlala ya mehlodi eo o ka kgonang ho e fumana le hore o ka fumana lesedi la mofuta ofe ho yona:

  • Ba lelapa le metswalle Botsa ba lelapa le metswalle e sebetsang hore na ba tseba ka dikgeo dife kapa dife tsa mosebetsi dibakeng tseo ba sebetsang ho tsona, le hore o ka ikopanya le mang moo.
  • Diboto tsa ditsebiso tsa baahi Diboto tsena tsa ditsebiso di dibakeng tse etelwang ke batho kaofela tse jwalo ka mabenkele. Ngola dintlha le ho latela lesedi le hlahiswang ho tsona.
  • Diwebsaete tsa dikhamphani. Batla dintlha tsa ho ikopanya le dikhamphani tse sebakeng sa heno. Etela diwebsaete tsa tsona, di letsetse kapa o romele imeili ho utlwa ka menyetla.
  • Ditsi tsa basebetsi le Employment Services South Africa (ESSA). Ikopanye le Lefapha la Basebetsi boemong ba naha (national Department of Labour) ho tseba hore na ho na le setsi sa basebetsi sebakeng sa heno.
  • Seyalemoya Diteishene tsa seyalemoya ka dinako tse ding di tsebisa hore fekteri e ntjha e tla bulwa hokae kapa hore porojeke e kgolo ya mmuso e tla thakgolwa hokae le hona neng. Batlisisa haholwanyana ka menyetla ena.
  • Dipolatefomo tsa ho batla mosebetsi inthaneteng. Diwebsaete tse ngata di o dumella ho boloka CV ya hao inthaneteng le ho etsa hore o kgone ho etsa dikopo tsa mosebetsi inthaneteng (ho etsa mohlala, PNet, CareerJunction, Indeed, le eJoobi). Ithute ho sebedisa dipolatefomo tsa ho buisana le ho fana lesedi le batho ba bang bao o etsang dikamano tsa profeshenale le bona tse jwalo ka LinkedIn mme o kopane le batho ba bang inthaneteng.
  • E nngwe: Ke mang kapa ke eng e nngwe eo o ka e bolelang e ka o thusang ho batla mosebetsi?

Batlisisa ka kgonahalo ya menyetla ya mosebetsi

Batlisisa haholo kamoo ho ka kgonahalang ka mesebetsi eo o e ratang le mokgatlo o bapatsang mosebetsi. Hlophisa dintlha hore di nyalane le mesebetsi le bokgoni, thuto le lesedi le kutlwisiso eo o seng o na le yona le bokgoni bo fihletsweng ka mora nako. Hlahloba mesebetsi ho ya ka tse latelang:

  • Ho hlokeha bokgoni bofe?
  • Ho hlokeha mangolo afe a thuto?
  • Ho hlokeha dintho dife tseo o ikgethang ka tsona?
  • Ho hlokeha lesedi, kutlwisiso le bokgoni bofe boo o seng o bo fihletse.
  • Ke mosebetsi wa boemo ba mofuta ofe (mohl. dinako tse itseng, dinako tsohle)?

Fumana bonyane ka dintho tse latelang ka khamphani:

  • Khamphani ena e fana ka dintho kapa ditshebeletso dife?
  • Khamphani ena e sebakeng sefe?

Methiiriele e nngwe

Ku lavisisa ntirho

U nga si sungula

Kopa phepha ra mbulavurisano ra ku Lava Ntirho leri nga na swivutiso ku ku pfuna ku ehleketa hi malunghiselelo ya wena yo lavisisa ntirho na maendlelo ya wena.

Nxaxamelo wo kambela ku lavisisa ntirho

  1. Ndzi tiendlele pulani ya ntirho.
  2. Ndza swi tiva leswi ndzi nga swi nyikaka muthori.
  3. Ndzi hlele no kunguhata ku lavisisa ntirho.
  4. Ndzi kumile vanhu lava nga ndzi pfunaka ku kuma ntirho.
  5. Ndzi endlile ndzavisiso hi swivandlanene swa ntirho leswi nga vaka kona.

Loko u nga tiveki eka xin’we kumbe swo tala swa switatimende leswi, ku ni magoza man’wana lawa u nga ma tekaka leswaku u antswisa minkarhi ya wena yo kuma ntirho. Loko hi nga si hlamusela magoza lawa, a hi kambisiseni leswaku ha yini swi tika swinene ku kuma ntirho.

Ha yini swi tika swinene ku kuma ntirho?

Ku lavisisa ka wena ntirho a swi endleki u ri wexe. Swilo leswi landzelaka swi nga kucetela vuswikoti bya wena byo kuma ntirho:

Ntokoto

Vathori va ehleketa leswaku vatirhi lava nga ni ntokoto a va tali ku endla swihoxo naswona va yi twisisa ku antswa ndhawu ya ntirho ni mintlhontlho ya yona. Lava lavaka ntirho va langutana ni ku nonon’hweriwa ka ku komberiwa ntokoto wa ntirho, kambe va nga wu hluvukisa njhani ntokoto wa ntirho loko va nga swi koti ku kuma ntirho? Xana u nga wu kuma njhani ntokoto wa ntirho loko u ha ku heta giredi ya 12, xitifikheti, diploma kumbe digiri?

Anakanyisisa hi tindlela to fana na ntirho wa nkarhinyana, ku tirha hi ku tirhandzela, ku dyondza na ku sungula bindzu ra wena. Tsundzuka leswaku mintokoto leyi yi ta va na nkoka ntsena eka nhluvukiso wa ntirho wa wena wa nkarhi lowu taka loko u yi teka tanihi swivandlanene swa xiphurofexinali. Leswi landzelaka i switsundzuxo swo tshinelela ntokoto wihi na wihi wa ntirho leswaku wu ta engetela hi ndlela leyi nga na nhlamuselo eka nhluvukiso wa ntirho wa wena:

Dyondzo

  • Vutivi. Ku ndlandlamuxa vutivi bya wena hi ku hlaya hi, kumbe ku tsarisa eka, khoso leyi fambelanaka na ntirho wa wena.
  • Mavonelo. Vathori va tlangela vatirhi lava nga ni langutelo lerinene entirhweni wa vona. Minkarhi hinkwayo ringeta ku endla swo tlula leswi languteriweke eka wena.
  • Kombisa ku tsakela na ku tirhisa ku antswisiwa loku yaka emahlweni. Hlaya hi indasitiri leyi u tirhaka eka yona u vona laha u nga endlaka ku hambana na ku antswisa matirhelo ya wena.
  • Mahanyelo. Minkarhi hinkwayo ambala no tikhoma hi ndlela leyi faneleke.
  • Ku hlayisa nkarhi na ku pfumaleka. Hlayisa nkarhi. Lawula nkarhi wa wena entirhweni leswaku u hetisa mintirho hi nkarhi. Tsundzuka leswaku nkarhi wo wisa wa vuvabyi i wa swiyimo swa xihatla ntsena – a hi nchumu lowu u wu kunguhataka.

Swikili swa dyondzoSwilo swa nkoka swo lava ntirho

Mintirho yi lava muxaka wo karhi wa ku faneleka. Sungula hi pulani ya wena ya ntirho ku kuma leswaku hi swihi swikili leswi u nga ta lava ku swi hetisisa ku antswisa minkarhi ya wena yo kuma ntirho eka ntirho lowu u wu lavaka.

Swikili

Endla ku kamberiwa ka vuswikoti nkarhi na nkarhi ku kumisisa leswaku hi byihi vuswikoti lebyi u byi tumbuluxeke na leswaku hi byihi lebyi wa ha faneleke ku byi hluvukisa.

Swiyimo swa makete wa vatirhi

Nhlayo na tinxaka ta mintirho leyi kumekaka eka makete wa mintirho swi ta khumba vuswikoti bya wena byo kuma ntirho. Ikhonomi ya manguva lawa yi sekeriwe eka vutivi, yi kandziyisa ku nyikiwa ka vukorhokeri na ku tirhisiwa ka mahungu. Leswi swi lava xiyimo xa le henhla xa vutshila na vutivi ku kuma mintirho.

Swilo swa nkoka swo lava ntirho

Hi lawa magoza ya nkoka eka ku lavisisa ntirho loku kunguhatiweke kahle:

  • Ku va na nhlokomhaka. Pulani ya wena ya ntirho yi fanele ku tirha tanihi khampasi yo lava ntirho.
  • Ku lunghiselela. Titiva, u tlhela u endla ndzavisiso hi makete wa vatirhi, mintirho na tikhamphani.
  • Kutitshemba. Leswi swi khuluka ku suka eka ku tiva wena na leswi u swi lavaka.
  • Tirhisa tindlela to hambana ku lavisisa swivandlanene swa mintirho. U nga tinyiketeli eka maphephahungu kumbe swinavetiso swa inthanete.
  • Vana CV leyi tsariweke hi vukheta naswona tsundzuka ku lulamisa CV ya wena eka xikombelo xin’wana na xin’wana xa ntirho.
  • Ku hluvukisa vuswikoti bya kahle bya mbulavurisano. Lunghiselela ni ku titoloveta mimbulavurisano.
  • Netiweke. Ku simeka vuxaka na vanhu vo tala hilaha swi nga kotekaka hakona.
  • Endla pulani yo lava ntirho. Hlela ku lavisisa ka wena ntirho hi magoza hi magoza naswona u kambisisa tindlela ta wena nkarhi na nkarhi.

Hlela ni ku hlela ku lavisisa ka wena ntirho

Hlela no pulana ku lavisisa ka wena ntirho leswaku u nga tlangi hi nkarhi, matimba kumbe mali. Hi leswi swiringanyeto swin’wana:

Endla folda yo lavisisa ntirho

Lexi xi nga va xiyengentsongo xa photifoliyo ya wena ya ntirho kumbe fayili yo hambana laha u hlayisaka swiletelo swa vafambisi va ntirho, swinavetiso na vuhlanganisi. Hlayisa tikopi ta switifikheti swa wena na ID loko ko tshuka ku ri leswaku u swi lava. Hlayisa mintirho hinkwayo leyi u yi endleke swikombelo, xikan’we na mbuyelo wihi na wihi lowu u wu kumeke. Tirhisa folda leyi ku hlayisa ndzavisiso hinkwawo lowu u wu hetisiseke hi ku ya hi mintirho, mintirho, tiindasitiri na vathori lava nga kotekaka.

Hlela masiku ya wena

Tumbuluxa endlelo ro hlayisa leswi u faneleke ku swi endla ni leswaku u swi endla rini. Hlayisa tinotsi ta leswi u swi endleke na leswi u faneleke ku swi landzelela. I mani loyi a nga ku pfunaka eku laveni ka ntirho? Va na vuxiyaxiya naswona tsundzuka leswaku u ta boheka ku huma u ya lava ntirho – ntirho a wu nge ku kumi. I swa nkoka ku kuma swihlovo swa mahungu leswi tshembekaka ku seketela ku lavisisa ka wena ntirho. Hi leswi swikombiso swa swihlovo leswi nga kotekaka na leswaku i muxaka wihi wa rungula leri u nga ri kumaka eka swona:

  • Ndyangu na vanghana. Vutisa ndyangu na vanghana lava tirhaka loko va tiva ku pfuleka ka mintirho eka tindhawu ta vona ta ntirho, na leswaku u nga tihlanganisa na mani kwalaho.
  • Tibodo ta switiviso ta vaaki. Tibodo leti ta switiviso ti le tindhawini ta mani na mani to fana na mavhengele. Teka vuxokoxoko ehansi u landzelela mahungu.
  • Tiwebsite ta tikhamphani. Languta vuxokoxoko bya vuhlanganisi bya tikhamphani ta le ndhawini ya ka n’wina. Endzela tiwebsite ta vona, u va bela riqingho, kumbe u va rhumela imeyili ku kuma hi ta swivandlanene.
  • Tisenthara ta vatirhi na Vukorhokeri bya Ntirho Afrika Dzonga (ESSA). Tihlanganisi na Ndzawulo ya Vatirhi ya rixaka ku kuma loko ku ri na senthara ya vatirhi eka ndhawu ya ka n’wina. Tsarisa eka database ya ESSA.
  • Radio. Minkarhi yin’wana switichi swa xiya-ni-moya swa kwalaho swi tivisa laha fektri leyintshwa yi nga ta pfuriwa kona kumbe laha ntirho lowukulu wa mfumo wu nga ta sunguriwa kona ni rini. Kuma swo tala hi minkarhi leyi.
  • Dyondza ndlela yo tirhisa tipulatifomo ta vuhlanganisi bya xiphurofexinali to fana na LinkedIn hi ndlela leyinene na ku tihlanganisa na netiweke ya wena eka inthanete.
  • Swin’wana: I mani kumbe i yini swin’wana leswi u nga swi tivekaka ku ku pfuna eka ku lavisisa ka wena ntirho?

Vulavisisi mayelana na swivandlanene swa ntirho leswi nga kotekaka

Kuma swo tala hilaha u nga kotaka hakona hi mintirho leyi u yi tsakelaka ni nhlangano lowu navetisaka ntirho wolowo. Hlela mahungu ku fambisana na mintirho na vutshila bya wena, dyondzo na ntokoto. Kambisisa mintirho hi ku ya hi leswi landzelaka:

  • Hi swihi vuswikoti lebyi lavekaka?
  • Hi swihi swikili leswi lavekaka?
  • Hi swihi swihlawulekisi leswi lavekaka?
  • Hi wihi ntokoto lowu lavekaka?
  • I xiyimo xa muxaka muni (xikombiso, xa nkarhinyana, xa nkarhi hinkwawo)?

Kuma swa nkoka leswi landzelaka mayelana na khamphani:

  • Hi yihi nhundzu kumbe vukorhokeri lebyi khamphani leyi yi byi nyikaka?
  • Xana khamphani leyi yi kumeka kwihi?

Switirhisiwa swin’wana